public interface DirContext extends Context
Most of the methods have overloaded versions with one taking a Name parameter and one taking a String. These overloaded versions are equivalent in that if the Name and String parameters are just different representations of the same name, then the overloaded versions of the same methods behave the same. In the method descriptions below, only one version is documented. The second version instead has a link to the first: the same documentation applies to both.
See Context for a discussion on the interpretation of the name argument to the Context methods. These same rules apply to the name argument to the DirContext methods.
The second model is that attributes are associated with a name (typically an atomic name) in a DirContext. In this model, an attribute operation on the named object is roughly equivalent to a lookup on the name of the parent DirContext of the named object, followed by the attribute operation invoked on the parent in which the caller supplies the terminal atomic name. The attributes can be viewed as being stored in the parent DirContext (again, this does not imply that the implementation must do so). Objects that are not DirContexts can have attributes, as long as their parents are DirContexts.
JNDI support both of these models. It is up to the individual service providers to decide where to "store" attributes. JNDI clients are safest when they do not make assumptions about whether an object's attributes are stored as part of the object, or stored within the parent object and associated with the object's name.
In attribute subclassing, attributes are defined in a class hierarchy. In some directories, for example, the "name" attribute might be the superclass of all name-related attributes, including "commonName" and "surName". Asking for the "name" attribute might return both the "commonName" and "surName" attributes.
With attribute type synonyms, a directory can assign multiple names to the same attribute. For example, "cn" and "commonName" might both refer to the same attribute. Asking for "cn" might return the "commonName" attribute.
Some directories support the language codes for attributes. Asking such a directory for the "description" attribute, for example, might return all of the following attributes:
Some directories have the notion of "operational attributes" which are attributes associated with a directory object for administrative purposes. An example of operational attributes is the access control list for an object.
In the getAttributes() and search() methods, you can specify that all attributes associated with the requested objects be returned by supply null as the list of attributes to return. The attributes returned do not include operational attributes. In order to retrieve operational attributes, you must name them explicitly.
There are certain methods in which the name must resolve to a context (for example, when searching a single level context). The documentation of such methods use the term named context to describe their name parameter. For these methods, if the named object is not a DirContext, NotContextException is thrown. Aside from these methods, there is no requirement that the named object be a DirContext.
An Attributes, SearchControls, or array object passed as a parameter to any method will not be modified by the service provider. The service provider may keep a reference to it for the duration of the operation, including any enumeration of the method's results and the processing of any referrals generated. The caller should not modify the object during this time. An Attributes object returned by any method is owned by the caller. The caller may subsequently modify it; the service provider will not.
All the methods in this interface can throw a NamingException or any of its subclasses. See NamingException and their subclasses for details on each exception.
Context
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
ADD_ATTRIBUTE
This constant specifies to add an attribute with the specified values.
|
static int |
REMOVE_ATTRIBUTE
This constant specifies to delete the specified attribute values from the attribute.
|
static int |
REPLACE_ATTRIBUTE
This constant specifies to replace an attribute with specified values.
|
APPLET, AUTHORITATIVE, BATCHSIZE, DNS_URL, INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, LANGUAGE, OBJECT_FACTORIES, PROVIDER_URL, REFERRAL, SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION, SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, SECURITY_PROTOCOL, STATE_FACTORIES, URL_PKG_PREFIXES| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
bind(Name
Binds a name to an object, along with associated attributes.
|
void |
bind(String
Binds a name to an object, along with associated attributes.
|
DirContext |
createSubcontext(Name
Creates and binds a new context, along with associated attributes.
|
DirContext |
createSubcontext(String
Creates and binds a new context, along with associated attributes.
|
Attributes |
getAttributes(Name
Retrieves all of the attributes associated with a named object.
|
Attributes |
getAttributes(Name
Retrieves selected attributes associated with a named object.
|
Attributes |
getAttributes(String
Retrieves all of the attributes associated with a named object.
|
Attributes |
getAttributes(String
Retrieves selected attributes associated with a named object.
|
DirContext |
getSchema(Name
Retrieves the schema associated with the named object.
|
DirContext |
getSchema(String
Retrieves the schema associated with the named object.
|
DirContext |
getSchemaClassDefinition(Name
Retrieves a context containing the schema objects of the named object's class definitions.
|
DirContext |
getSchemaClassDefinition(String
Retrieves a context containing the schema objects of the named object's class definitions.
|
void |
modifyAttributes(Name
Modifies the attributes associated with a named object.
|
void |
modifyAttributes(Name
Modifies the attributes associated with a named object using an ordered list of modifications.
|
void |
modifyAttributes(String
Modifies the attributes associated with a named object.
|
void |
modifyAttributes(String
Modifies the attributes associated with a named object using an ordered list of modifications.
|
void |
rebind(Name
Binds a name to an object, along with associated attributes, overwriting any existing binding.
|
void |
rebind(String
Binds a name to an object, along with associated attributes, overwriting any existing binding.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(Name
Searches in a single context for objects that contain a specified set of attributes.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(Name
Searches in a single context for objects that contain a specified set of attributes, and retrieves selected attributes.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(Name
Searches in the named context or object for entries that satisfy the given search filter.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(Name
Searches in the named context or object for entries that satisfy the given search filter.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(String
Searches in a single context for objects that contain a specified set of attributes.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(String
Searches in a single context for objects that contain a specified set of attributes, and retrieves selected attributes.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(String
Searches in the named context or object for entries that satisfy the given search filter.
|
NamingEnumeration |
search(String
Searches in the named context or object for entries that satisfy the given search filter.
|
addToEnvironment, bind, bind, close, composeName, composeName, createSubcontext, createSubcontext, destroySubcontext, destroySubcontext, getEnvironment, getNameInNamespace, getNameParser, getNameParser, list, list, listBindings, listBindings, lookup, lookup, lookupLink, lookupLink, rebind, rebind, removeFromEnvironment, rename, rename, unbind, unbindstatic final int ADD_ATTRIBUTE
If attribute does not exist, create the attribute. The resulting attribute has a union of the specified value set and the prior value set. Adding an attribute with no value will throw InvalidAttributeValueException if the attribute must have at least one value. For a single-valued attribute where that attribute already exists, throws AttributeInUseException. If attempting to add more than one value to a single-valued attribute, throws InvalidAttributeValueException.
The value of this constant is 1.
static final int REPLACE_ATTRIBUTE
If attribute already exists, replaces all existing values with new specified values. If the attribute does not exist, creates it. If no value is specified, deletes all the values of the attribute. Removal of the last value will remove the attribute if the attribute is required to have at least one value. If attempting to add more than one value to a single-valued attribute, throws InvalidAttributeValueException.
The value of this constant is 2.
static final int REMOVE_ATTRIBUTE
The resulting attribute has the set difference of its prior value set and the specified value set. If no values are specified, deletes the entire attribute. If the attribute does not exist, or if some or all members of the specified value set do not exist, this absence may be ignored and the operation succeeds, or a NamingException may be thrown to indicate the absence. Removal of the last value will remove the attribute if the attribute is required to have at least one value.
The value of this constant is 3.
AttributesgetAttributes(Name name) throws NamingException
name - the name of the object from which to retrieve attributes
name. Returns an empty attribute set if name has no attributes; never null.
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
getAttributes(String),
getAttributes(Name, String[])
AttributesgetAttributes(String name) throws NamingException
getAttributes(Name) for details.
name - the name of the object from which to retrieve attributes
name
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
AttributesgetAttributes(Name name, String [] attrIds) throws NamingException
If the object does not have an attribute specified, the directory will ignore the nonexistent attribute and return those requested attributes that the object does have.
A directory might return more attributes than was requested (see Attribute Type Names in the class description), but is not allowed to return arbitrary, unrelated attributes.
See also Operational Attributes in the class description.
name - the name of the object from which to retrieve attributes
attrIds - the identifiers of the attributes to retrieve. null indicates that all attributes should be retrieved; an empty array indicates that none should be retrieved.
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
AttributesgetAttributes(String name, String [] attrIds) throws NamingException
getAttributes(Name, String[]) for details.
name - The name of the object from which to retrieve attributes
attrIds - the identifiers of the attributes to retrieve. null indicates that all attributes should be retrieved; an empty array indicates that none should be retrieved.
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
void modifyAttributes(Namename, int mod_op, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
name - the name of the object whose attributes will be updated
mod_op - the modification operation, one of:
ADD_ATTRIBUTE,
REPLACE_ATTRIBUTE,
REMOVE_ATTRIBUTE.
attrs - the attributes to be used for the modification; may not be null
AttributeModificationException - if the modification cannot be completed successfully
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
modifyAttributes(Name, ModificationItem[])
void modifyAttributes(Stringname, int mod_op, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
modifyAttributes(Name, int, Attributes) for details.
name - the name of the object whose attributes will be updated
mod_op - the modification operation, one of:
ADD_ATTRIBUTE,
REPLACE_ATTRIBUTE,
REMOVE_ATTRIBUTE.
attrs - the attributes to be used for the modification; may not be null
AttributeModificationException - if the modification cannot be completed successfully
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
void modifyAttributes(Namename, ModificationItem [] mods) throws NamingException
name - the name of the object whose attributes will be updated
mods - an ordered sequence of modifications to be performed; may not be null
AttributeModificationException - if the modifications cannot be completed successfully
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
modifyAttributes(Name, int, Attributes),
ModificationItem
void modifyAttributes(Stringname, ModificationItem [] mods) throws NamingException
modifyAttributes(Name, ModificationItem[]) for details.
name - the name of the object whose attributes will be updated
mods - an ordered sequence of modifications to be performed; may not be null
AttributeModificationException - if the modifications cannot be completed successfully
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
void bind(Namename, Object obj, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
name - the name to bind; may not be empty
obj - the object to bind; possibly null
attrs - the attributes to associate with the binding
NameAlreadyBoundException - if name is already bound
InvalidAttributesException - if some "mandatory" attributes of the binding are not supplied
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
Context.bind(Name, Object) ,
rebind(Name, Object, Attributes)
void bind(Stringname, Object obj, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
bind(Name, Object, Attributes) for details.
name - the name to bind; may not be empty
obj - the object to bind; possibly null
attrs - the attributes to associate with the binding
NameAlreadyBoundException - if name is already bound
InvalidAttributesException - if some "mandatory" attributes of the binding are not supplied
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
void rebind(Namename, Object obj, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
name - the name to bind; may not be empty
obj - the object to bind; possibly null
attrs - the attributes to associate with the binding
InvalidAttributesException - if some "mandatory" attributes of the binding are not supplied
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
Context.bind(Name, Object) ,
bind(Name, Object, Attributes)
void rebind(Stringname, Object obj, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
rebind(Name, Object, Attributes) for details.
name - the name to bind; may not be empty
obj - the object to bind; possibly null
attrs - the attributes to associate with the binding
InvalidAttributesException - if some "mandatory" attributes of the binding are not supplied
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
DirContextcreateSubcontext(Name name, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
name - the name of the context to create; may not be empty
attrs - the attributes to associate with the newly created context
NameAlreadyBoundException - if the name is already bound
InvalidAttributesException - if
attrs does not contain all the mandatory attributes required for creation
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
Context.createSubcontext(Name)
DirContextcreateSubcontext(String name, Attributes attrs) throws NamingException
createSubcontext(Name, Attributes) for details.
name - the name of the context to create; may not be empty
attrs - the attributes to associate with the newly created context
NameAlreadyBoundException - if the name is already bound
InvalidAttributesException - if
attrs does not contain all the mandatory attributes required for creation
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
DirContextgetSchema(Name name) throws NamingException
This method returns the root of the schema information tree that is applicable to the named object. Several named objects (or even an entire directory) might share the same schema.
Issues such as structure and contents of the schema tree, permission to modify to the contents of the schema tree, and the effect of such modifications on the directory are dependent on the underlying directory.
name - the name of the object whose schema is to be retrieved
OperationNotSupportedException - if schema not supported
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
DirContextgetSchema(String name) throws NamingException
getSchema(Name) for details.
name - the name of the object whose schema is to be retrieved
OperationNotSupportedException - if schema not supported
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
DirContextgetSchemaClassDefinition(Name name) throws NamingException
One category of information found in directory schemas is class definitions. An "object class" definition specifies the object's type and what attributes (mandatory and optional) the object must/can have. Note that the term "object class" being referred to here is in the directory sense rather than in the Java sense. For example, if the named object is a directory object of "Person" class, getSchemaClassDefinition() would return a DirContext representing the (directory's) object class definition of "Person".
The information that can be retrieved from an object class definition is directory-dependent.
Prior to JNDI 1.2, this method returned a single schema object representing the class definition of the named object. Since JNDI 1.2, this method returns a DirContext containing all of the named object's class definitions.
name - the name of the object whose object class definition is to be retrieved
OperationNotSupportedException - if schema not supported
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
DirContextgetSchemaClassDefinition(String name) throws NamingException
getSchemaClassDefinition(Name) for details.
name - the name of the object whose object class definition is to be retrieved
OperationNotSupportedException - if schema not supported
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(Name name, Attributes matchingAttributes, String [] attributesToReturn) throws NamingException
SearchControls settings.
For an object to be selected, each attribute in matchingAttributes must match some attribute of the object. If matchingAttributes is empty or null, all objects in the target context are returned.
An attribute A1 in matchingAttributes is considered to match an attribute A2 of an object if A1 and A2 have the same identifier, and each value of A1 is equal to some value of A2. This implies that the order of values is not significant, and that A2 may contain "extra" values not found in A1 without affecting the comparison. It also implies that if A1 has no values, then testing for a match is equivalent to testing for the presence of an attribute A2 with the same identifier.
The precise definition of "equality" used in comparing attribute values is defined by the underlying directory service. It might use the Object.equals method, for example, or might use a schema to specify a different equality operation. For matching based on operations other than equality (such as substring comparison) use the version of the search method that takes a filter argument.
When changes are made to this DirContext, the effect on enumerations returned by prior calls to this method is undefined.
If the object does not have the attribute specified, the directory will ignore the nonexistent attribute and return the requested attributes that the object does have.
A directory might return more attributes than was requested (see Attribute Type Names in the class description), but is not allowed to return arbitrary, unrelated attributes.
See also Operational Attributes in the class description.
name - the name of the context to search
matchingAttributes - the attributes to search for. If empty or null, all objects in the target context are returned.
attributesToReturn - the attributes to return. null indicates that all attributes are to be returned; an empty array indicates that none are to be returned.
attributesToReturn and the name of the corresponding object, named relative to the context named by
name.
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
SearchControls,
SearchResult,
search(Name, String, Object[], SearchControls)
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(String name, Attributes matchingAttributes, String [] attributesToReturn) throws NamingException
search(Name, Attributes, String[]) for details.
name - the name of the context to search
matchingAttributes - the attributes to search for
attributesToReturn - the attributes to return
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(Name name, Attributes matchingAttributes) throws NamingException
search(Name, Attributes, String[]).
search(Name, Attributes, String[]) for a full description.
name - the name of the context to search
matchingAttributes - the attributes to search for
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
search(Name, Attributes, String[])
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(String name, Attributes matchingAttributes) throws NamingException
search(Name, Attributes) for details.
name - the name of the context to search
matchingAttributes - the attributes to search for
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(Name name, String filter, SearchControls cons) throws NamingException
The format and interpretation of filter follows RFC 2254 with the following interpretations for attr and value mentioned in the RFC.
attr is the attribute's identifier.
value is the string representation the attribute's value. The translation of this string representation into the attribute's value is directory-specific.
For the assertion "someCount=127", for example, attr is "someCount" and value is "127". The provider determines, based on the attribute ID ("someCount") (and possibly its schema), that the attribute's value is an integer. It then parses the string "127" appropriately.
Any non-ASCII characters in the filter string should be represented by the appropriate Java (Unicode) characters, and not encoded as UTF-8 octets. Alternately, the "backslash-hexcode" notation described in RFC 2254 may be used.
If the directory does not support a string representation of some or all of its attributes, the form of search that accepts filter arguments in the form of Objects can be used instead. The service provider for such a directory would then translate the filter arguments to its service-specific representation for filter evaluation. See search(Name, String, Object[], SearchControls).
RFC 2254 defines certain operators for the filter, including substring matches, equality, approximate match, greater than, less than. These operators are mapped to operators with corresponding semantics in the underlying directory. For example, for the equals operator, suppose the directory has a matching rule defining "equality" of the attributes in the filter. This rule would be used for checking equality of the attributes specified in the filter with the attributes of objects in the directory. Similarly, if the directory has a matching rule for ordering, this rule would be used for making "greater than" and "less than" comparisons.
Not all of the operators defined in RFC 2254 are applicable to all attributes. When an operator is not applicable, the exception InvalidSearchFilterException is thrown.
The result is returned in an enumeration of SearchResults. Each SearchResult contains the name of the object and other information about the object (see SearchResult). The name is either relative to the target context of the search (which is named by the name parameter), or it is a URL string. If the target context is included in the enumeration (as is possible when cons specifies a search scope of SearchControls.OBJECT_SCOPE or SearchControls.SUBSTREE_SCOPE), its name is the empty string. The SearchResult may also contain attributes of the matching object if the cons argument specified that attributes be returned.
If the object does not have a requested attribute, that nonexistent attribute will be ignored. Those requested attributes that the object does have will be returned.
A directory might return more attributes than were requested (see Attribute Type Names in the class description) but is not allowed to return arbitrary, unrelated attributes.
See also Operational Attributes in the class description.
name - the name of the context or object to search
filter - the filter expression to use for the search; may not be null
cons - the search controls that control the search. If null, the default search controls are used (equivalent to
(new SearchControls())).
InvalidSearchFilterException - if the search filter specified is not supported or understood by the underlying directory
InvalidSearchControlsException - if the search controls contain invalid settings
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
search(Name, String, Object[], SearchControls),
SearchControls,
SearchResult
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(String name, String filter, SearchControls cons) throws NamingException
search(Name, String, SearchControls) for details.
name - the name of the context or object to search
filter - the filter expression to use for the search; may not be null
cons - the search controls that control the search. If null, the default search controls are used (equivalent to
(new SearchControls())).
InvalidSearchFilterException - if the search filter specified is not supported or understood by the underlying directory
InvalidSearchControlsException - if the search controls contain invalid settings
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(Name name, String filterExpr, Object [] filterArgs, SearchControls cons) throws NamingException
The interpretation of filterExpr is based on RFC 2254. It may additionally contain variables of the form {i} -- where i is an integer -- that refer to objects in the filterArgs array. The interpretation of filterExpr is otherwise identical to that of the filter parameter of the method search(Name, String, SearchControls).
When a variable {i} appears in a search filter, it indicates that the filter argument filterArgs[i] is to be used in that place. Such variables may be used wherever an attr, value, or matchingrule production appears in the filter grammar of RFC 2254, section 4. When a string-valued filter argument is substituted for a variable, the filter is interpreted as if the string were given in place of the variable, with any characters having special significance within filters (such as '*') having been escaped according to the rules of RFC 2254.
For directories that do not use a string representation for some or all of their attributes, the filter argument corresponding to an attribute value may be of a type other than String. Directories that support unstructured binary-valued attributes, for example, should accept byte arrays as filter arguments. The interpretation (if any) of filter arguments of any other type is determined by the service provider for that directory, which maps the filter operations onto operations with corresponding semantics in the underlying directory.
This method returns an enumeration of the results. Each element in the enumeration contains the name of the object and other information about the object (see SearchResult). The name is either relative to the target context of the search (which is named by the name parameter), or it is a URL string. If the target context is included in the enumeration (as is possible when cons specifies a search scope of SearchControls.OBJECT_SCOPE or SearchControls.SUBSTREE_SCOPE), its name is the empty string.
The SearchResult may also contain attributes of the matching object if the cons argument specifies that attributes be returned.
If the object does not have a requested attribute, that nonexistent attribute will be ignored. Those requested attributes that the object does have will be returned.
A directory might return more attributes than were requested (see Attribute Type Names in the class description) but is not allowed to return arbitrary, unrelated attributes.
If a search filter with invalid variable substitutions is provided to this method, the result is undefined. When changes are made to this DirContext, the effect on enumerations returned by prior calls to this method is undefined.
See also Operational Attributes in the class description.
name - the name of the context or object to search
filterExpr - the filter expression to use for the search. The expression may contain variables of the form "
{i}" where
i is a nonnegative integer. May not be null.
filterArgs - the array of arguments to substitute for the variables in
filterExpr. The value of
filterArgs[i] will replace each occurrence of "
{i}". If null, equivalent to an empty array.
cons - the search controls that control the search. If null, the default search controls are used (equivalent to
(new SearchControls())).
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if
filterExpr contains
{i} expressions where
i is outside the bounds of the array
filterArgs
InvalidSearchControlsException - if
cons contains invalid settings
InvalidSearchFilterException - if
filterExpr with
filterArgs represents an invalid search filter
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered
search(Name, Attributes, String[]),
MessageFormat
NamingEnumeration<SearchResult > search(String name, String filterExpr, Object [] filterArgs, SearchControls cons) throws NamingException
search(Name, String, Object[], SearchControls) for details.
name - the name of the context or object to search
filterExpr - the filter expression to use for the search. The expression may contain variables of the form "
{i}" where
i is a nonnegative integer. May not be null.
filterArgs - the array of arguments to substitute for the variables in
filterExpr. The value of
filterArgs[i] will replace each occurrence of "
{i}". If null, equivalent to an empty array.
cons - the search controls that control the search. If null, the default search controls are used (equivalent to
(new SearchControls())).
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if
filterExpr contains
{i} expressions where
i is outside the bounds of the array
filterArgs
InvalidSearchControlsException - if
cons contains invalid settings
InvalidSearchFilterException - if
filterExpr with
filterArgs represents an invalid search filter
NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered